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[单选题]
You should avoid highly perfumed products which can____ sensitive skin.
A
concern
B
evoke
C
irritate
D
penetrate
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C
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21.4 The word “plan” in “draw a simple floor plan of your home” (Para probably means ______.(2分)
22.Many American colleges permit foreign students to live in college housing or housing not owned by the university,such as an apartment.College housing is usually in a dormitory,or dorm for short.Many foreign students say that the dorms are less costly than apartments.They say dorms offer quiet study areas and areas for social activities or sports.They say dorms are close to places they go every day,like the library,computer center and classrooms.They also say that living in the room provides the best chance to get to know other students.Dormitories may have as few as twelve students or as many as one thousand.Some dorms are organized into areas called suites.Suites have several bedrooms,a large living area and a bathroom.Six or more people may live in one suite.Other dorms have many rooms along a hallway.Two students usually live in each room.On each floor there is a large bathroom for all the students who live on that floor.Sometimes there is also a kitchen for preparing food.In most universities ,males and females live in the same dorm.They may even live on the same floor.But they usually may not live in the same room or suite.Most universities have some dorms for men and women.(10分)22.1 Where do some foreign students in American colleges prefer to live?(2分)A. In a hotelB. In a houseC. In an apartmentD. In a friend's home
3.In 1637 the French philosopher-mathematician Rene Descartes predicted that it would never be possible to make a machine that thinks as humans do. In 1950, the British mathematician and computer pioneer Alan Turing declared that one day there would be a machine that duplicate human intelligence in every way and prove it by passing a specialized test. In this test, a computer and a human hidden from view would be asked random identical questions, if the computer were successful; the questioner would be unable to distinguish the machine from the person by the answers.Inspired by Turing's theory, the first conference on AI convened at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire in 1956. Soon afterwards an AI laboratory was started at Massachusetts Institute of Technology by John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky, two of the nation's leading AI proponents. McCarthy also invented the AI computer language, Lisp; but by the early 1990s AI itself had not been achieved. However, logic programs called expert systems allow computers to "make, decisions" by interpreting data and selecting from among alternatives. Technicians can run programs used in complex medical diagnosis, language translation, mineral exploration, and even computer design.Machinery can outperform humans physically. So, too, can computers outperform mental functions in limited areas--notably in the speed of mathematical calculations. For example, the fastest computers developed are able to perform roughly 10 billion calculations per second. But making more powerful computers will probably not be the way to create a machine capable of passing the Turing test. Computer programs operate according to set procedures, or logic steps, called algorithms (算法). In addition, most computers do serial processing: operations of recognition and computation are performed one at a time. The brain works in a manner called parallel processing, performing operations simultaneously. To achieve simulated (模拟) parallel processing, some supercomputers have been made with multiple processors to follow several algorithms at the same time.Critics of this approach insist that solving a computation does not indicate understanding, something a person who solved a problem would have. Human reasoning is not based solely on rules of logic. It involves perception, awareness, emotional preferences, values, evaluating experience, the ability to generalize and weigh options, and more. Some proponents of A1 have, therefore, suggested that computers should be patterned after the human brain, which essentially consists of a network of nerve cells.By the early 1990s, the closest approximation to AI was a special silicon chip built to behave like a human brain cell. It was modeled after the internal workings of neurons in the human cerebral context. Unlike the conventional silicon ship, which works in digital mode, the new silicon chip works in analog mode, much the way a human brain cell works.(5分)3.1 According to Turing, a computer can prove to have human-like intelligence in a special test if____(1分)A. the computer gives better answersB. the questioner fails to give identical questionsC. the questioner can't tell between the answers of a person and a computer D. The questioner can't find the person hidden by the computer
23.Intricately intertwined with(与……错综交织) self-esteem and inhibition and risk-taking, the construct of anxiety, as it has been studied in the psychological domain(领域), plays an important affective role in second language acquisition. Anxiety is almost impossible to define in a simple sentence. It is associated with feelings of uneasiness, frustration, self-doubt, apprehension(恐惧), or worry. Scovel defined anxiety as “state of apprehension, or vague fear…” We all know what anxiety is and we all have experienced feelings of anxiousness. How does this construct relate to second language learning? Any complex task we undertake can have elements of anxiety in it, aspects in which we doubt our own abilities and wonder if we will indeed succeed. Second language learning is no exception to a long list of complex tasks that are susceptible(易受感染的) to our human anxieties.The research on anxiety suggests that, like self-esteem, anxiety can be experienced at various levels. At the deepest, or global level, trait anxiety is a more permanent predisposition(倾向) to be anxious. Some people are predictably and generally anxious about many things. At a more momentary, or situational level, state anxiety is experienced in relation to some particular event or act. As we learned in the case of self-esteem, then, it is important in a classroom for a teacher to try to determine whether a student’s anxiety stems from a more global trait or whether it comes from a particular situation at the moment.Trait anxiety, because of its global and somewhat ambiguously defined nature, has not proved to be useful in predicting second language achievement. However, recent research on foreign language anxiety, as it has come to be known, focuses more specifically on the situational nature of state anxiety.(10分)23.1 The passage mainly talks about ______.(2分)A. anxietyB. inhibitionC. risk-takingD. self-esteem
She couldn’t help staying a little longer with his child _______ it’s late for the train.(1分)
24.5 What can be inferred about teachers from the passage?(2分)
Experiments on laboratory rats may teach us how cells reproduce, how heart muscles grow, and even _______ can be prevented.(1分)
In this lecture, I can only give you a purely _____ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.(1分)
18. (A)what (B)how (C)which (D)why
The ship has to change its course _______ there is a storm coming.(1分)
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