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[单选题]
By the time she was 26, she ______ a small library of her own.(1分)
A
set up
B
was setting up
C
has set up
D
had set up
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D
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8. (A)take in (B)take on (C)take to (D)take for
21.Video recorders and photocopiers, even ticket machines on the railways, often seem unnecessarily difficult to use. Last December I bought myself a Video cassette recorder (VCR) described as “simple to use”. In the first three weeks I failed repeatedly to program the machine to record from the TV, and after months of practice I still made mistakes. I am not alone. According to a survey last year by Ferguson, the British manufacturer, more than one in four VCR owners never use the timer on their machines to record a programme: they don’t use it because they’ve found it far too hard to operate.So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRS that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious?First, the problems we notice are not obvious to technically minded designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine’s features at once. Thirdly, although find problems in a finished product is easily, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use it, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements.Some manufacturers say they concentrate on providing a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, “why can’t you have features that are easy to use?” The answer is you can.Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public-not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple pubic trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 percent of users can work 90 per cent of the features correctly 90 per cent of the time.(10分)21.1 The author had trouble operating his VCR because ________.(2分)A. he had neglected the importance of using the timerB. the machine had far more technical features than necessaryC. he had set about using it without proper trainingD. its operation was far more difficult than the designer intended it to be
All the villagers returned home____ that the danger was over.(1分)
I wasn't blaming anyone; I _____ said errors like this could be avoided.(1分)
1. In 1637 the French philosopher-mathematician ReneDescartes predicted that it would neverBe possible to makeA machine that thinksAs humansDo. In 1950, theBritish mathematicianAndComputer pioneerAlan TuringDeclared that oneDay there wouldBeA machine thatDuplicate human intelligence in every wayAnd prove itBy passingA specialized test. In this test,AComputerAndA human hidden from view wouldBeAsked random identical questions, if theComputer were successful; the questioner wouldBe unable toDistinguish the machine from the personBy theAnswers.InspiredBy Turing's theory, the firstConference onAIConvenedAtDartmouthCollege in New Hampshire in 1956. SoonAfterwardsAnAI laboratory was startedAt Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBy John McCarthyAnd Marvin Minsky, two of the nation's leadingAI proponents. McCarthyAlso invented theAIComputer language, Lisp;ButBy the early 1990sAI itself had notBeenAchieved. However, logic programsCalled expert systemsAllowComputers to "make,Decisions"By interpretingDataAnd selecting fromAmongAlternatives. TechniciansCan run programs used inComplex medicalDiagnosis, language translation, mineral exploration,And evenComputerDesign.MachineryCan outperform humans physically. So, too,CanComputers outperform mental functions in limitedAreas--notably in the speed of mathematicalCalculations. For example, the fastestComputersDevelopedAreAble to perform roughly 10BillionCalculations per second.But making more powerfulComputers will probably notBe the way toCreateA machineCapable of passing the Turing test.Computer programs operateAccording to set procedures, or logic steps,CalledAlgorithms (算法). InAddition, mostComputersDo serial processing: operations of recognitionAndComputationAre performed oneAtA time. TheBrain works inA mannerCalled parallel processing, performing operations simultaneously. ToAchieve simulated (模拟) parallel processing, some supercomputers haveBeen made with multiple processors to follow severalAlgorithmsAt the same time.Critics of thisApproach insist that solvingAComputationDoes not indicate understanding, somethingA person who solvedA problem would have. Human reasoning is notBased solely on rules of logic. It involves perception,Awareness, emotional preferences, values, evaluating experience, theAbility to generalizeAnd weigh options,And more. Some proponents ofA1 have, therefore, suggested thatComputers shouldBe patternedAfter the humanBrain, which essentiallyConsists ofA network of nerveCells.By the early 1990s, theClosestApproximation toAI wasA special siliconChipBuilt toBehave likeA humanBrainCell. It was modeledAfter the internal workings of neurons in the humanCerebralContext. Unlike theConventional silicon ship, which works inDigital mode, the new siliconChip works inAnalog mode, much the wayA humanBrainCell works.21. According to Turing,AComputerCan prove to have human-like intelligence inA special test if____A. theComputer givesBetterAnswersB. the questioner fails to give identical questionsC. the questionerCan't tellBetween theAnswers ofA personAndAComputerD. The questionerCan't find the person hiddenBy theComputer
Each of you ________ responsible for the public security, which is related to the common wealth of the whole society.(1分)
Theft happens frequently here. Don’t forget to lock the door when you leave, ____ ?(1分)
完形填空
The atmosphere____ of certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.
Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic: Art should Be Understandable to Most People. You should write at least 100 words you should base your composition on the outline given below:Some people think art is an artistic thing that goes beyond life …While other people argue that good art should be understandable to most people …What is your opinion …
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