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3.2 The central idea of the first paragraph is to____.(1分)
A
describe how to use lubrication
B
describe how to prolong the life of a machine
C
explain the nature of friction
D
tell how to offset the disadvantages of friction
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C
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4.ethods of training animals have changed greatly in recent years. Zoo keepers have always had problems getting the animals to leave their cages in order for the cages to be cleaned, and also training them to move indoors when appropriate. Another problem was that many of the large animals became listless and bored. In the last twenty years, scientists have done research on dolphins and whales, training them to obey commands. The scientists found they could get animals to obey by rewarding them with food and affection when they responded correctly.Proper training allows the animals to receive the care they need. It was very difficult to get untrained animals, especially the larger ones, to stay still when they needed medical attention. Now they can be trained, on command, to remain still and even to allow blood samples to be taken and shots administered. All this is accomplished through positive reinforcement, without the use of any force. Affection training, as this process is called, has been used with great success on a wide variety of zoo animals. Animal behavior experts have taught zoo keepers to train bears, tigers, monkeys, and many other species to behave in a way that provides for better animal-keeper interaction. This training also keeps the animals from becoming bored and inactive.Although some people proclaim(谴责) that this training is inhumance and cruel to animals, results have shown that captive(猎获的)animals who previously were not doing well flourish under the new training procedures.(4分)4.1 The word “listless” means _______.(1分)A. countlessB. obedientC. inactive D. mysterious
24.Which of the following is not mentioned in the third paragraph?
You will have to pay a fine ______ you return those books to the library immediately.(1分)
The news came as quite a shock to us, but he seemed to be_________ surprised.(1分)
The majority of people in the town strongly ________ the plan to build a playground for children． (1分)
24. Cloning, a Controversial IssueA new life begins when a male sperm and a female egg join. This new life has in it some chromosomes from the father and some from the mother. So it will inherit some characteristics from each parent. It is, if you like, a mix of both parents. Everyone knows this is true of all human life.But here comes the shock. Now, we are told, human life can start in another way. A way that does not need to join a male sperm and a female egg. This new way of reproduction is called cloning.This is how it works. Each single cell in the human body has in it a full set of chromosomes. All the genetic information that a living thing needs is in those chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell. So if any body cell can be made to divide and grow, it can form a new life. Since this new life would have only one set of chromosomes, it would be an exact replica of the body it comes from. This type of cloning has worked with plants, fruit flies, and even frogs.As far back as 1968 a man, J.B. Gurdon from Oxford University, produced a cloned frog.Could this procedure work with people? Scientists say it could. And it would work in much the same way. A healthy egg would be taken from a woman's body. No male sperm would fertilize it. The nucleus of the egg would be destroyed. It would be replaced with the nucleus of a new cell taken from the arm or anywhere else on the body of the donor. This donor could be a man or woman. The egg would then be put back into the womb of the woman. The egg would grow into a new life even though no sperm had fertilized it.The new baby would have only one parent. The parent would not have to be the woman in whose womb it grew. The parent would be the donor from whom the new nucleus had come, because it would be that person's chromosomes in the new baby. And the baby would be an exact twin of the donor.Cloning means that anyone could have a child. It would give new hope to people who cannot have a baby in the usual way. All you have to do is have one cell taken from anywhere on your body. Then, the nucleus of that cell would be put in the place of the nucleus of an egg cell and allowed to grow in a womb, or perhaps in a test tube. A new life would be made that would be a twin of the donor.Scientists are still at work to see if they can make this new way of reproduction perfect.But the thought of cloning brings all sorts of questions and fears. The use of cloning could change our world to the point where we might not know it. The family, as it is now, would not exist. Sex would not be needed for reproduction. The whole meaning of "parent" would change. We might even end up with whole tribes of people who look exactly alike. "Clone clans" might take the place of nations and races.It is easy to see how cloning could be misused. One nation could set out to make a master race of cruel "Hitlers" who would all be exactly alike and who would kill or make slaves of everyone else in the world.What about crime? Think what would happen if all the murderers, thieves, cheats, and swindlers in the world made thousands of clones of themselves to run the greatest crime ring in the history of the world.What about things that go wrong? What if - by accident - we got a race of hideous monsters that would make clones of themselves forever and ruin the world? Scientists cannot promise that such things might not happen.There is also the moral side of the issue. Is it right for humans to change the way life begins? Or is God the only one who can do that?Of course, there is a bright side. Think of all the great people in the world who could clone themselves so their genius could last forever. The world could keep all its great athletes, writers, engineers, scientists, and scholars. There could be a constant supply of all the good and useful people the world could need.There are many things to consider about clones. But the fact remains. Whether you think it is right or wrong, it can be done. It has already been done with animals. Is there any reason why it should not be tried with humans?(10分)24. 1 naturally born baby can not be an exact replica of either of its parents because____.(2分)A. the baby develops its own set of chromosomesB. the baby takes one cell from each parentC. genetic information can not be inherited from either parentD. chromosomes from both parents mix to form the new life of the baby
3. (A)What (B)How much (C)How many (D)What price
21.5 From the last sentence of this passage we conclude that _____.
To get married first and then get a job is putting the cart before the______.(1分)
China’s first lunar orbiter Chang’e I,____ on Oct. 24, 2008, marked the first stage of its moon exploration project.(1分)
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