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[单选题]
22.2 Urbanization was sped up by about years ago.(2分)
A
shops
B
population
C
popularization
D
industrialization
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试题答案：
D
答案解释：
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4. Present pension structures no longer work. They were established in a more youthful period with relatively few older people who were often poor and iii, and generally spent only a short time in retirement. In rich countries today, older people are often well-off and in good health, and are spending around 20 years in retirement. Therefore there is the need for reform.This survey has presented the arguments for more private funding and for fairer pensions. Such changes will create motives for individuals to take charge of their own retirement needs rather than leaving the task to the state. This, in turn, will make the provision of public pensions more afford- able.Even so, the state will continue to play a leading role in pensions. At a minimum, governments must offer a safety net, probably in the form of a defined benefit financed through taxation, for people who for some reason have not been able to provide for themselves and who would otherwise be miserable in old age. More broadly, there is a case for the state to offer a slimmed-down pay-as-you-go pension system, although as far as possible this should be organized along defined-contributions lines. Such provision widens the range of assets to include human capital because the effective return comes from total wages, and offers a safe if low return.Governments also have to create a suitable framework for effective private pensions. Administrative(行政的)expenses have to be tightly controlled, and appropriate tax motives have to be offered to encourage voluntary pension saving. Where the state provides a generous safety net, private-pension saving may have to be made mandatory(强制的), otherwise many people will not bother.So much for the developed countries, but what of the more youthful populations of tile rest of the world? In 1994, the World Bank came down heavily in favor of more funding in private accounts. It thought the state's role should be to provide a smallish first pillar with the limited task of providing protection against old-age poverty, and to command a privately-funded second pillar to provide the bulk of pensions.(5分)4.1 More private funding and fairer pensions____.(1分)A. can urge people to save more private-pensionsB. may be financed through taxC. can lessen the burden of the stateD. can provide more public pensions
4.4By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics were such that(1分)
If it ______ fine this weekend, we ______ a picnic in the forest.(1分)
21.3 The third parties cannot survive in America because____.
22.2 In a spaceship, astronauts can _____.
Living in the desert has its problems,____ obtaining fresh water is not the least.
The reason _______ a whole room can be cooled down is ascribed to the air conditioner.
22.Connection is a powerful tool helping you learn better. Using connection, you need to take information and connect it to images, examples and things you already understan However, as a skill, this takes some time to develop and it often fails when you face very hard material, and it can also be misapplied，particularly if it’s used as a direct replacement for practice. Here are some ways I’ve used it:While learning Chinese, I would recognize the radicals (部首）of the characters and try to form a mental picture either with those radicals or the character meaning or the pronunciation, or all three. While studying international business law in France, I used the link and peg (挂钩）method to link the date and place of a particular treaty(协约）which was signed to the name of the treaty. While studying accounting, when I couldn’t remember a rule, I’d make a mental image that encapsulated (概述）it. While learning biology, whenever I couldn’t remember a chemical, I made a list of its properties (性能)，turned those properties into images and linked that to the way the name sounds.When you’re trying to memorize a lot of information that isn’t well connected, focus on quick and loose images that will help you translate the information, even if they don’t represent it well.(10分)22.1 What the author is talking about in this passage is .(2分)A. a tool which helps you do reading betterB. a method which helps you learn betterC. a tool which helps you do accounting betterD. a method which helps you do chemical experiment better参考答案：B
2.5. Mothers go out and earn money to sustain family resources at the cost of____.(1分)
He once observed that “All happy families ______ one another, but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way”.(1分)
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