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24.3 The dog has been most valuable to human beings in the development of ________.(2分)
A
natural sciences
B
medical research
C
local communities
D
social security
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B
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24.Urban growth, also known as urbanization (城市化)，sped up dramatically with the coming of industrialization some 200 years ago. At that time, large numbers of people moved to cities in search of jobs, mostly in factories. But the most rapid growth has taken place over the past 50 years. While less than one-third of the world’s population lived in cities in 1950, about two thirds of humanity is expected to live in urban areas by 2030.Urban is defined as “that which is characteristic of a city.” But what exactly is a city? In the past, walls may have defined a city. But today’s city boundaries are often unclear. Are suburbs parts of cities? Depending on the boundaries used, Tokyo can have a population of anywhere between 8 and 40 million people.Cities make a lot of sense for humans. People are concentrated in a small space rather than being spread out over a large territory. This allows the government and others to provide more service such as water, electricity, and transportation to a larger number of people. Schools and shops are more easily accessible than in rural areas.Cities have always been at the center of economic growth and technological advances. The promise of jobs and prosperity pulls people to cities. But their rapid growth has also brought with it many negative things: violence, poverty, overcrowding, health problems, and pollution. Many cities in developing countries in particular are growing too rapidly for their own good, with many residents unable to find jobs and forced to live in slums.(10分)24.1 About years ago, people left for cities to find .(2分)A. foodB. clothesC. jobsD. factories参考答案：C
4. Using medicines derived from plants is a practice probably as old as humankind itself. Prehistoric peoples likely noted when consuming a particular plant part provided relief, such as willow bark "tea" lowering a fever. Sumatran (苏门答腊的) clay tablets engraved forty centuries ago list plant-based remedies for common ills, as do ancient writings from Egypt and China. In nineteenth-century United States, St. John's wort Echinacea were just two of many commonly used herbal remedies.Many modern medicines are synthetic versions of plant-derived "natural products." A compound from a periwinkle plant, for example, served as the basis for a powerful drug that fights leukemia (白血病). Poppies provide alkaloids such as morphine that are potent painkillers.In the U.S. today, one-third of all adults have tried herbal treatments, creating a multibillion-dollar market. The resurgence of interest in herbal medicine is largely due to the Dietary Supplements Health Education Act (DSHEA. of 1994, which expanded the definition of "dietary supplement" beyond essential nutrients to include "herbs botanicals," thus removing them from regulation as drugs. This designation means that labels can only mention ways that the herbal product can promote health, not cure disease. For example, valerian root "promotes restful sleep," St. John's wort "may help enhance mood," and Echinacea goldenseal "may help support the immune system." Many physicians biochemists argue that active ingredients in many herbal remedies are indeed drugs, should be regulated as such.It is wise to consult a physician when considering use of an herbal product. Even for a well-understood remedy such as cranberry extract, additional therapy may be required, or drug interactions a possibility. The law may not currently consider herbal ingredients to be drugs, but science indicates otherwise.
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